kendo shinai

The naginata, a long pole with a sharp curving sword blade at one end, like the spear and sword is one of the ancient weapons of Japan. Its name was first visible in the Kojiki (A Record of Ancient Matters, 712) and was used by warrior priests during the Nara Period, around 750 A.D. Furthermore, in the paintings of battlefieled scenes made during the Tengyo no Ran (Tengyo Insurrection), in 936 A.D., the naginata can be seen in use.

Sometimes NAGINATA and NAGAMAKI is a same meaning.
NAGINATA is a long handled single cutting edged blade.
Usually it has a unique shape that big curvature, broad width and unokubi-zukuri or kanmuri-otoshi-zukuri.
And there are long naginata that has over 60cm blade.
Such blade is especially called NAGAMAKI.
To separate NAGINATA and NAGAMAKI is difficult.
(The original meaning of NAGAMAKI is "long wrapped handle")
Roughly long naginata is called NAGAMAKI.
Most of naginata have unique grooves that is called "NAGINATA-HI".
Usually it is followed with narrow groove (soe-hi).
One more example of naginata-hi, on kikuchi-yari type blade. (This naginata-hi is painted with red lacquer.)
Some examples of naginata handle, usually it has a small tsuba.
A Nagunata tsuba
It is a similar size to tanto tsuba, but round and no kozuka hole.
NAGINATA was popular in 12th to 14th century.
But today original length NAGAMAKI is very rare.
Because they were shortened to reshape to katana or wakizashi in the history.
Mainly they have a shobu-zukuri shape. (an example => wakizashi (Shikkake))

Naginata is the study of the use of a sword-like weapon, similar to the European halberd or glaive. While originally a weapon of war, the naginata now has both a form appropriate for modern competitive sport as well as a wooden form (somewhat less lethal than the original steel one) for the safe study of the ancient forms.
Pictures of three different types of naginata. On the top, the solid wooden naginata used for kata practice; in the middle, the bamboo (and wood) naginata used in competition in modern naginata, and on the bottom, a 'live blade' steel naginata. (The live blade naginata is used extremely rarely today.)
A rather long wooden naginata used in classical naginata practice. (Photo courtesy of Koryu Books.)
There are two types of naginata practice today: modern naginata and classical naginata. While the differences between these two types of practice are explained below, they also share much in common. In both, naginata practice is systemized according to a time-honored tradition consisting of strikes, cuts, and thrusts from left and right to various directions, providing a balanced training with emphasis on form and beauty of movement.

Modern Naginata
Most of 80,000 people who study naginata today study the modern sport form of naginata, called atarashi naginata in Japanese. While modern naginata encompasses many of the aspects of competitive sports (tournaments, championships, teams, and physical education-like training) it is still a Japanese martial art and thus stresses the mental and moral development of its trainees. Those who instruct in modern naginata are not merely coaches, but also leaders who seek to develop the character and personalities of their students - both by their example and by drawing on the rich and long heritage of naginata.
All who study modern naginata participate in two different types of practice: a tournament-like form which uses protective equipment and a naginata in which the blade portion is made of bamboo. Points are scored in this type of practice for strikes to the head, throat, torso, wrists, and shins.
An international naginata tournament held in Japan in August, 1995. Coincidentally, in this particular match, both competitors and the referee are all Americans.
The other type of practice for modern naginata is kata, a highly stylized and choreographed practice with a partner in which the full beauty of naginata is shown. A special naginata of solid wood is often used in kata. Kata training helps to perfect technique and develop deep concentration.
A naginata kata being practiced.
Classical Naginata
Classical naginata styles are among the martial traditions of feudal Japan. They have remained unchanged for literally hundreds of years. Unlike modern naginata, classical naginata has no competitions. Instead, classical naginata styles are practiced as prearranged choreographed forms (kata), often performed at great speed and strength, and always with great precision.
A demonstration of Tendo Ryu Naginata-jutsu in Japan. Here the naginata is being used against a sword.
A Higo Koryu Naginata-jutsu demonstration in Japan in the spring of 1997. Here both are using naginata. (Photo courtesy of Koryu Books.)
A Toda-ha Buko-ryu Naginata-jutsu demonstration in Japan in the fall of 1996. Here both are using naginata.

It was in 1086, in the book entitles Oushu Gosannenki (A Diary of Three Years in Oushu) that the use of the naginata, in combat, is first recorded. In this period the naginata was regarded as an extremely effective weapon by warrors, however by the time of the 1500s the introduction of muskets and mass battles forced the naginata into becoming a specialist weapon, wielded by warrior priests and women.

By the Edo period, when the naginata was hardly ever used in combat, it became the representative weapon of samurai women. They would engage in training in order to polish the virtues of Harmony, Order, Chastity and Moderation. The traning would also develop the etiquette, style and personalities of the trainees. Furthermore a fashion developed where samurai families would display naginata in prominent places such as the entrances to theeir homes they would also be clearly visible in parades led by the local lords, and were even given as pressents to brides.

Due to the influence of westernization after the Meiji Restoration the perceived value of martial arts, naginata included, dropped severely. It was from this time that the focus of training became the strengthening of the will and the forging of the mind and body. During the Showa period naginata became a part of the public school system

Il naginata è un'arma ad asta giapponese di solito costituita da una lunga lama ricurva ad un solo filo, che si allarga verso l'estremità, montata grazie ad un lungo codolo su un'asta di varia lunghezza, ma in genere più breve di una lancia o yari. Ricorda i "falcioni" del medioevo europeo. Verso l'era Tokugawa, relativamente pacifica, divenne un'arma desueta in battaglia ma continuò ad essere utilizzata per il combattimento individuale e per la difesa degli edifici o delle dimore private. Probabilmente per questo il suo uso si diffuse specialmente tra le donne della classe militare o Buke, vere amministratrici della casa. L'arte marziale (detta Naginata-do o naginatajutsu) che ne trasmette l'uso faceva comunque parte del bagaglio tecnico classico del guerriero (bujutsu) e nel budō moderno esistono alcuni stili indipendenti che ne tramandano una forma stilizzata analoga alla scherma kendō trattasi dell'Atarashi Naginata. Un modello di arma simile al naginata ma con una lama pressoché dritta e spesso più lunga è detto nagamaki (letteralmente: "[lama con] inastamento lungo").

なぎなた（薙刀）とは、日本の古い武器である薙刀の木刀及び竹刀に似たなぎなたを使った現代武道。

鉄砲の伝来と共に戦場では使われなくなった武術の薙刀術のうち女薙刀が、明治末から大正にかけて女子の武道として発展。今に至る。（ただし、なぎなた制定時に参画した流派の大部分は男薙刀の流派である）

防具は剣道の面、胴に独自の小手、すね当てである。袴の形状も大きく異なっている。

一般に女性の武道というイメージが強いが、なぎなたは男性も行うことが出来る。

La naginata (薙刀, naginata?) est une arme japonaise, proche du fauchard à lame courbe, utilisé pour pratiquer le naginatajutsu. Cette arme, particulièrement appréciée par les moines et pouvant atteindre jusqu'à deux mètres en longueur, était utilisée autrefois sur les champs de bataille pour couper les jarrets des chevaux. C'était une arme également efficace dans le combat à mi-distance contre un guerrier à pied.

Les armes à feu allaient la reléguer après 1542, tout comme le sabre, mais les écoles restèrent. Cette arme, efficace à moyenne distance, équipait presque tous les foyers et devint, vers le XVII siècle, l'art martial de prédilection des japonaises.

La naginata es essencialment un arma usada pels samurais del Japó feudal, composta per una fulla clavada en una pel llarg. S'assembla a una alabarda europea, però, solament amb una fulla corbada.

من ويكيبيديا، الموسوعة الحرة

المراجعة الحالية (غير مراجعة)

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ناغيناتا

ناغيناتا (باليابانية: なぎなた، 薙刀) هو سلاح على شكل رمح من أحد الأسلحة اليابانية القديمة التي استخدمها محاربي الساموراي. في العصر الحديث يعد التدريب على المبارزة بالناغيناتا إلى أحد أنواع فنون القتال اليابانية التي تمارسها النساء بشكل خاص أكثر من الرجال.

يتكون سلاح الناغيناتا من عصا خشبية طويلة تمثل المقبض مع نصل معدني في مقدمته يمثل الحد القاطع.

هذه بذرة مقالة عن اليابان. تحتاج للنمو والتحسين، ساهم في إثرائها بالمشاركة في تحريرها.

Naginata (なぎなた/長刀/薙刀) jest to japońska broń drzewcowa używana w sztuce walki naginata-do. Naginata tradycyjna składa się z drzewca o długości ok. 180 cm oraz elastycznie zamocowanego na nim żeleźca o długości ok. 40 cm i kształcie zbliżonym do ostrza japońskiego miecza - katany bądź tachi, dzięki czemu mogła służyć zarówno do kłucia jak i cięcia. Długość drzewca podana powyżej jest jedynie uśrednioną długością, bowiem przez wieki używania wahała się od 60 cm do około 3 metrów. Podobnie jest z żeleźcem - jego długość wahała się od 15 cm do około 60 cm, różne były także szerokości ostrza i stopień zakrzywienia.

Naginata używana była początkowo w roli broni podstawowej uboższego samuraja i tych, którzy pretendowali do takiego tytułu. Wykształciła się wtedy sztuka używania naginaty (naginata-do), która opierała się na wykorzystaniu elastyczności zamocowania żeleźca. Około roku 1400 n.e. jej użycie zdegradowano do roli włóczni używanej w szeregach piechoty (użycie podobne do falangi macedońskiej). W czasach szogunatu walki naginatą uczono kobiet z rodów samurajskich.

Aktualnie używa się do ćwiczeń naginaty bambusowej z żeleźcem drewnianym.

Нагината

Из Википедије, слободне енциклопедије

Скочи на: навигација, претрага

Самурај са нагинатом

Нагината (なぎなた, 長刀 or 薙刀), је оружје на мотки које су користили јапански ратници самураји. Састоји се од дрвеног штапа на чијем врху је закривљена оштрица, нагината је слична европском оружју званом глејв. Вештина руковања нагинатом се назива нагината-џицу (naginata-jutsu).

Нагината, као и многа друга оружја, може бити прављена у различитим величинама како би кориснику највише одговарала. Генерално нагината је била дугачка до 1,5 до 2,1 м. Оштрица је углавном била искривљена. Као и јапански мачеви нагината је имала изузетно квалитетну оштрицу, чак су неке нагинате биле рециклиране од чувених катана. Нагината је такође на супротном крају од оштрице имала метално ојачање (углавном у виду копља), што је нагинату чинило ефективним оружјем са које год стране се окрене.

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